Leda 1917
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Leda
Measures: 99 x 99 cm
Technique: Oil on canvas
Depository: Destroyed by a fire set by retreating German forces in 1945 at Schloss Immendorf, Austria.
Leda was the daughter of King Thestios of Aitolya and Eurythemis and was married to King Tyndareos, King of Sparta. Zeus was very attracted by Leda and approached her as a swan. Klimt chooses for this scene a very subtle setting. Leda seems to be sleeping in a room on a white pillow. Zeus as black swan comes from the back and only on second sight the vigorous sexual connotation of the antique mythology is visible.
In Greek mythology, Leda (Λήδα) was daughter of the Aetolian king Thestius, and wife of the king Tyndareus (Τυνδάρεως), of Sparta. Her myth gave rise to the popular motif in Renaissance and later art of Leda and the Swan. She was the mother of Helen of Troy|Helen (Ἑλένη) of Troy, Clytemnestra (Κλυταιμνήστρα), and Castor and Pollux (Κάστωρ καὶ Πολυδεύκης, also spelled Kastor and Polydeuces).
Leda was admired by Zeus, who seduced her in the guise of a swan. As a swan, Zeus fell into her arms for protection from a pursuing eagle. Their consummation, on the same night as Leda lay with her husband Tyndareus, resulted in two eggs from which hatched Helen (later known as the beautiful "Helen of Troy"), Clytemnestra, and Castor and Pollux (also known as the Dioscuri (Διόσκουροι). Which children are the progeny of Tyndareus, the mortal king, and which are of Zeus, and are thus half-immortal, is not consistent among accounts, nor is which child hatched from which egg. The split is almost always half mortal, half divine, although the pairings do not always reflect the children's heritage pairings. Castor and Polydeuces are sometimes both mortal, sometimes both divine. One consistent point is that if only one of them is immortal, it is Polydeuces. It is also always stated that Helen is the daughter of Zeus.
Leda also had other daughters by Tyndareus: Timandra (mythology)|Timandra (Τιμάνδρα), Phoebe (mythology)|Phoebe (Φοίβη), and Philonoe (Φιλονόη).
In Homer's Iliad, Helen looks down from the walls of Troy and wonders why she does not see her brothers among the Achaeans (Homer)|Achaeans. The narrator remarks that they are both already dead and buried back in their homeland of Lacedaemon, thus suggesting that at least in some early traditions, both were mortal.
Another account of the myth states that Nemesis (mythology)|Nemesis (Νέμεσις) was the mother of Helen, and was also impregnated by Zeus in the guise of a swan. A shepherd found the egg and gave it to Leda, who carefully kept it in a chest until the egg hatched. When the egg hatched, Leda adopted Helen as her daughter. Zeus also commemorated the birth of Helen by creating the constellation Cygnus (constellation)|Cygnus (Κύκνος), the Swan, in the sky.
Leda and the swan and Leda and the egg were popular subjects in the ancient art. In the post-classical arts, it became a potent source of inspiration.
See also Leda and the Swan for the motif in the visual arts and the poem by William Butler Yeats.
